Freeze symptoms and associated yield loss in soft red winter wheat

Abstract In the soft red winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) growing regions of eastern United States, midwinter warm temperatures have accelerated development, exposing that has transitioned to reproductive stages cold during late spring. The objectives this diagnostic guide were to: (a) provide images depicting freeze injury and (b) estimates grain yield straw biomass reduction in response low temperature at Feekes 6, 8, 10.5.1 growth wheat. Wheat plants transplanted from field into pots each stage placed chambers with treatments ranging 3 39 °F. Plants then an open‐air greenhouse grown completion filling. Grain evaluated modeled across within stage. Small differences resulted large yield. At 6 stage, was reduced by 10% 17.9 °F 25% 14.8 8 27.6 24.6 27.8 26.3 Our guidelines for potential reductions associated temperatures. However, scouting fields approximately 2 wk after event (and active resumed) is important, as there are microclimates fields.